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<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0px !important;">原文：https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/doc-detail/51798.htm<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0px !important;">本文介绍了在以下环境中您怎么使用 SSH 密钥对登录 Linux 实例。<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><a href="https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/doc-detail/51798.htm#windows" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">本地为 Windows 环境</a></li><li><a href="https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/doc-detail/51798.htm#linux" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">本地为 Linux 或支持 SSH 命令的环境</a></li></ul><h2 id="windows" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; line-height: 1.225; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 1.75em; position: relative; padding-bottom: 0.3em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">本地为 Windows 环境</h2><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">这里以 PuTTY 和 PuTTYgen 为例，说明怎样在 Windows 环境里使用由阿里云生成的密钥对在 SSH 远程连接工具中登录 Linux 实例。<h3 id="h3-u524Du63D0u6761u4EF6" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; line-height: 1.43; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 1.5em; position: relative; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); transition: color 0.2s;" name="前提条件"></a>前提条件</h3><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li>您应该已经下载并安装了 PuTTY 和 PuTTYgen。PuTTY 和 PuTTYgen 的下载地址：</li><ul style="list-style-type: square;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li>PuTTY：<a href="https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/w64/putty.exe" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/w64/putty.exe</a></li><li>PuTTYgen：<a href="https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/w64/puttygen.exe?spm=a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.4.282250d6dxg7MR&file=puttygen.exe" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.4" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">https://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/w64/puttygen.exe</a></li></ul><li>您应该已经拥有一个分配了密钥对的 Linux 实例。您可以在创建 ECS 实例时分配密钥对，也可以为实例<a href="https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/doc-detail/51796.htm" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">绑定密钥对</a>。</li></ul><h3 id="h3-u64CDu4F5Cu6B65u9AA4" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; line-height: 1.43; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 1.5em; position: relative; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); transition: color 0.2s;" name="操作步骤"></a>操作步骤</h3><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li>（可选）如果您正在使用阿里云生成的 .pem 私钥文件，应先按以下步骤转为 .ppk 私钥文件。如果您使用的私钥文件本身已经是 .ppk 文件，可以略过这一步。</li><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li>启动 PuTTYgen。本示例中的 PuTTYgen 版本为 0.68。</li><li>在&nbsp;Parameters&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Type of key to generate&nbsp;中，选中&nbsp;RSA。Number of bits in a generated key&nbsp;的值不需要设置，软件会根据导入的私钥信息自动更新。 <img class="img-responsive" src="/ueditor/php/upload/image/20171106/1509983431121425.png" alt="ECS _ SSH Key Pair _ 导入私钥参数" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0px auto;"/></li><li>单击&nbsp;Load。PuTTYgen 默认仅显示扩展名为 .ppk 的文件。要找到您的 .pem 文件，请选择显示所有类型的文件。 <img class="img-responsive" src="/ueditor/php/upload/image/20171106/1509983431135451.png" alt="ECS _ SSH Key Pair _ 打开待导入的私钥文件" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0px auto;"/></li><li>选择您从阿里云下载的“.pem”格式的私钥文件，然后单击&nbsp;打开。 <img class="img-responsive" src="/ueditor/php/upload/image/20171106/1509983431437254.png" alt="ECS _ SSH Key Pair _ 载入pem文件" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0px auto;"/></li><li>单击&nbsp;OK（确定）关闭确认对话框。</li><li>单击&nbsp;Save private key。PuTTYgen 会显示一条关于在没有口令的情况下保存密钥的警告，单击&nbsp;是(Y)。 <img class="img-responsive" src="/ueditor/php/upload/image/20171106/1509983431724292.png" alt="ECS _ SSH Key Pair _ 保存私钥" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0px auto;"/></li><li>指定与密钥对相同的私钥名称，保存。PuTTY 会自动为文件添加 .ppk 扩展名。</li></ol><li>启动 PuTTY。</li><li>单击&nbsp;Connection&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;SSH&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;Auth，再单击&nbsp;Browse…，选择前面所生成的 .ppk 文件。 <img class="img-responsive" src="/ueditor/php/upload/image/20171106/1509983431411278.png" alt="ECS _ SSH Key Pair _ Auth" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0px auto;"/></li><li>单击&nbsp;Session，</li><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li>在&nbsp;Host Name (or IP address)&nbsp;里输入账号和需要连接的实例公网 IP 地址，格式为 “root@IP 地址”。</li><li>在&nbsp;Port&nbsp;里输入端口号&nbsp;22；</li><li>Connection type&nbsp;选择&nbsp;SSH。 <img class="img-responsive" src="/ueditor/php/upload/image/20171106/1509983431537618.png" alt="ECS _ SSH Key Pair _ 远程连接设置" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0px auto;"/></li></ul><li>单击&nbsp;Open，开始连接您的 Linux 实例。</li></ol><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">当页面上出现&nbsp;Connection established.&nbsp;时，说明您已经成功地使用密钥对登录实例。<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <h2 id="linux" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; line-height: 1.225; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 1.75em; position: relative; padding-bottom: 0.3em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">本地为 Linux 或支持 SSH 命令的环境</h2>这里说明怎样在 Linux 或其他支持 SSH 命令的环境（如 Windows 下的 MobaXterm）下使用 SSH 密钥对登录 Linux 实例。<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <h3 id="h3-u524Du63D0u6761u4EF6" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; line-height: 1.43; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 1.5em; position: relative; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); transition: color 0.2s;" name="前提条件"></a>前提条件</h3><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">您应该已经拥有一个分配了密钥对的 Linux 实例。您可以在<a href="https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/doc-detail/25424.htm" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">创建 ECS 实例时分配密钥对</a>，也可以为实例<a href="https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/doc-detail/51796.htm" data-spm-anchor-id="a3c0i.o51798zh.a3.7" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s;">绑定密钥对</a>。<h3 id="h3-u64CDu4F5Cu6B65u9AA4" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; line-height: 1.43; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 1.5em; position: relative; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background: transparent; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); transition: color 0.2s;" name="操作步骤"></a>操作步骤</h3><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Roboto, Helvetica, Tahoma, Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, SimSun, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li>找到您所下载的 .pem 私钥文件在本地机上的存储路径，如：<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; font-family: Consolas, &quot;Liberation Mono&quot;, Menlo, Courier, monospace; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); border-radius: 3px; margin: 0px;">/root/xxx.pem</code>。<blockquote style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 15px; margin: 0px 0px 16px; font-size: 17.5px; border-left: 4px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: rgb(119, 119, 119);">xxx.pem 即为您的私钥文件，下同。</blockquote></li><li>运行命令修改私钥文件的属性：<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; font-family: Consolas, &quot;Liberation Mono&quot;, Menlo, Courier, monospace; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); border-radius: 3px; margin: 0px;">chmod 400 [.pem 私钥文件在本地机上的存储路径]</code>，如：<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; font-family: Consolas, &quot;Liberation Mono&quot;, Menlo, Courier, monospace; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); border-radius: 3px; margin: 0px;">chmod 400 /root/xxx.pem</code>。</li><li>运行命令连接至实例：<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; font-family: Consolas, &quot;Liberation Mono&quot;, Menlo, Courier, monospace; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); border-radius: 3px; margin: 0px;">ssh -i [.pem 私钥文件在本地机上的存储路径] root@[公网 IP 地址]</code>，如：<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; font-family: Consolas, &quot;Liberation Mono&quot;, Menlo, Courier, monospace; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); border-radius: 3px; margin: 0px;">ssh -i /root/xxx.pem root@10.10.10.100</code>。</li></ol>